The transformer is an electrical device that is used to step up or step down ac voltage. There are two types of transformer, step up and step down. The difference between step up and step down transformer is that step-up transformer increases the input voltage and step down transformer decreases the input voltage.
Step-up transformer
If (Ns greater than NP) and (Vs is greater Vp) such a transformer in which voltage across secondary is greater than the primary voltage is called a step-up transformer. A step-up transformer has more turns in its secondary winding than its primary winding and is used to increase the ac voltage.
The turns ratio for a step-up transformer is always greater than 1 because the number of turns in the secondary winding is always greater than the number of turns in the primary winding.
Step down transformer
If (Ns is less then NP) the number of turns in the secondary is less than the number in primary, and (Vs is less then Vp) , such transformer in which voltage across secondary is less than the primary voltage is called a step-down transformer. The turns ratio for a step-down transformer is always less than 1 because the number of turns in the secondary winding is always fewer than the number of turns in the primary winding.
Step up Vs Step down transformer (Video)
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