Micrometer Screw gauge: Definition, least count & Applications
Micrometer screw gauge is an instrument used to measure the diameter of thin wires, the thickness of small sheets of glass, plastic, etc. It can measure up-to 1/10 of mm (or 0.01 mm= 0.001 cm) which is usually called the least count of Micrometer.
Parts of screw gauge
It consists of a U-shaped metal frame F with a fixed stud A.
- The right moveable and R (called Ratchet) is a cylinder type whose other end is called the spindle.
- A static linear scale or the main scale (usually in mm) is marked on a cylinder.
- The second scale (moveable) is called a circular scale or a cap scale (with 50 or 100 divisions) which is drawn on a cap called thimble ‘T’ fitted over a cylinder.
- The circular scale is designed in such a way that one complete rotation of the cap moves it horizontally by 1 mm on the main scale if circular scale cap moves it horizontally by 1 mm on the main scale if circular scale division is 100 and 0.5 mm in the main scale if the circular division is 50.
Read more about Vernier caliper
Working steps to use of Screw Gauge
- To Find Pitch of Screw
- To Find the Least Count
- To Find Zero Error
The distance moved by linear scale during one complete rotation is called the pitch of the screw. For a screw gauge of 100 circular division, the pitch is 1 mm.
Least count of screw gauge
A screw gauge of 100 divisions will move the cap scale along the main scale by 1/100 of mm-0.01 mm. This is the minimum value up to which a screw gauge can measure and is known as its least count. Or it is defined as the ratio between the pitch of the screw and the number of divisions on the circular scale.
Micrometer least count formula
Micrometer least count in mm
Least count=
L.C= L.C= =0.01 mm
Errors of micrometer
When both ends (stud and spindle) of the screw gauge each other in such a way the zeros of both circular scale and main scale exactly overlap each other, then there is no error. Otherwise, the instruments have an error called zero error. Zero error can be negative or positive.
Negative Zero Error of screw gauge
if the zero of the circular scale above the index line (reference) line, the error is negative. So zero correction will be positive.
Positive Zero Error of screw gauge
If the zero of the circular scale is below the reference line or index line then zero error will be positive. So zero correction will be positive.
Learn about: Types of errors in physics measurement
How to use screw gauge?
Let us find the diameter of the Wire:
- (i) Fix the given wire between the stud and spindle by turning the ratchet in the clockwise direction.
- (ii) Note the main scale reading (M.S.R) (up to complete division visible on the horizontal line just beyond the circular scale.
- (iii) Note the circular scale division says ‘n’ which is exactly in front of the index line or reference line.
- (iv) Multiply ‘n’ with the least count (L.C) to get a fraction of the circular scale reading (C.S.R) to be added into the main scale reading (M.S.R).
- (v) The diameter of the wire will be the diameter of wire= (MSR+ C.S.R) + zero correction.
- (vi) Repeat the experiment at least three times by gipping the wire at different places to obtain its average diameter.
Screw Gauage (video): Visual Explanation
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Kindly correct the mistake in very first para which is “it can measure upto (1/10) to (1/100) of mm
micro meter list count= 0.5/50( pitch 0.5mm) Thimble division 50
Home » Mechanics » micrometer screw gauge measurement with least count formula
micrometer screw gauge measurement with least count formula
Posted by: admin in Mechanics September 18, 2017 1 Comment 11,187 Views
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What is the micrometer screw gauge?
It is an instrument used to measure diameter of thin wires, thickness of small sheets of glass,plastic etc. It can measure upto 1/10 of mm (or 0.01 mm= 0.001 cm) which is usually called the least count of screw gauge.
Parts of screw gauge
parts of screw gauge
It consists of a U-shaped metal frame F with a fixed stud A.
The right moveable and R (called Ratchet) is a cylinder type whose other end is called spindle.
A static linear scale or a main scale (usually in mm) is marked on a cylinder.
The secound scale (moveable) is called circular scale or a cap scale (with 50 or 100 divisions) which is drawn on a cap called thimble ‘T’ fitted over a cylinder.
The circular scale is designed in such a way that one complete rotation of the cap moves it horizontally by 1 mm on the main scale if circular scale cap moves it horizontally by 1 mm on the main scale if circular scale division is 100 and 0.5 mm in the main scale if circular division are 50.
Working steps to use of Screw Gauge
To Find Pitch of Screw
To Find the Least Count
To Find Zero Error
The distance moved by linear scale during one complete rotation is called pitch of screw. For a screw gauge of 100 circular division, the pitch is 1 mm.
Least count of screw gauge
A screw gauge of 100 divisions will move the cap scale along the main scale by 1/100 of mm-0.01 mm. This is the minimum value up to which a screw gauge can measure and is known as its least count. Or it is defined as the ratio between the pitch of the screw and the number of division on the circular scale.
Micrometer least count formula
micrometer least count formula
Micrometer least count in mm
Least count=
L.C= L.C= =0.01 mm
Errors of micrometer
When both ends (stud and spindle) of the screw gauge each other in such a way the zeros of both circular scale and main scale exactly overlap each other, then there is no error. Otherwise, the instruments has an error called zero error. Zero error can be negative or positive.
Negative Zero Error of screw gauge
negative zero error of screw gauge
if the zero of the circular scale above the index line (reference) line, then error is negative. So zero correction will be positive.
Positive Zero Error of screw gauge
positive zero error of screw gauge
If the zero of circular scale is below the reference line or index line then zero error will be positive. So zero correction will be positive.
I think
last sentence “zerocorrection will be positive” is wrong. It is negative.