Examples of Anabolism and Catabolism

Anabolism and catabolism are the parts into which metabolism is divided. The main difference between Anabolism and Catabolism is that Anabolism is a synthetic reaction where energy is consumed. Catabolism is a breakdown reaction where energy is released. Although they are two different processes, they work in a coordinated way.

While anabolism builds large molecules from smaller ones, catabolism is a reduction reaction where a complex molecule is converted into a simpler one.

 

 

Difference between Anabolism and Catabolism in Tabular form

	Anabolism	catabolism
What is	The phase where the molecules that the body needs are built.	The process breaks down large molecules in the body into smaller ones.
phase-type	constructive.	destructive.
Energy	It is consumed by the body.	It releases it for the body.
Reaction	Endergonic, reduction and synthesis or construction.	Exergonic, decomposing or destructive and oxidative.
molecules	Complex molecules are produced from simple molecules.	Simple molecules are produced from complex molecules.
hormones	Estrogen. Insulin. Growth hormone. Testosterone.	Adrenalin. Cortisol. Cytokines. Glucagon.
examples	When amino acids are converted to protein, glucose to glycogen, and fatty acids to triglycerides.	When proteins are converted to amino acids, proteins to glucose, glycogen to glucose, and triglycerides to fatty acids.

What is anabolism?

The word anabolism comes from the Greek ana, which means ‘up’, and ballein , which we can translate as ‘throw’.

Anabolism is one of the two parts into which metabolism is divided, which is also known by the name biosynthesis.

Anabolism is a constructive chemical reaction where complex molecules are synthesized from simpler ones that can be organic or inorganic. Thus the molecules can grow and renew themselves, or be stored as energy reserves.

This metabolic process of construction, where energy is consumed to obtain large molecules from smaller ones, is possible thanks to the energy contribution of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In these reactions, the most oxidized compounds are reduced. Through anabolism, living things can form proteins from amino acids and thus maintain body tissues.

functions of anabolism

• Increase muscle mass.
• Form the cellular components and tissues of growth.
• Store energy.

stages of anabolism

1. In the first stage, precursors are produced, such as amino acids, monosaccharides, and others.
2. The precursors are then activated, using energy from adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
3. In the third stage, more complex molecules are produced, such as proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids.

You may also be interested in seeing Photosynthesis and respiration.

What is catabolism?

Catabolism is a word that comes from the Greek kato , which means ‘down’, and ballein , which means ‘to throw.

Catabolism is the part of the metabolic process by which different organic nutrients are degraded, reduced, or oxidized to their simplest forms so that the body assimilates them and transforms them into energy. This energy is essential for the functioning of anabolism.

The energy that is released is stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules, and thus the cell can carry out vital actions such as muscle contraction and the synthesis of molecules.

It is a destructive phase of reduction where, from a complex organic molecule, such as carbohydrates and lipids, simpler ones such as H ₂ O, CO ₂ , lactic acid or ammonia are obtained.

A catabolic process is digestion , in which large molecular complexes are broken down and transformed into simpler forms so that they can be used as raw material and energy in anabolic processes. Because of this, digestion is essential for anabolism to work properly.

Bacteria are often capable of metabolizing iron and sulfur.

functions of catabolism

• degrade organic nutrients.
• Extract chemical energy from degraded nutrients to be used by the body.
• Nourish the body using tissues when there is a lack of food.

stages of catabolism

1. Large organic molecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, or lipids, are broken down to amino acids, monosaccharides, and fatty acids, respectively.
2. The small molecules are brought into the cells and break down into even simpler molecules, releasing energy in the process.
3. Finally, the coenzymes in the electron transport chain are oxidized.

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